本文实例讲述了SQL Server解析XML数据的方法。分享给大家供大家参考,具体如下:
--5.读取XML --下面为多种方法从XML中读取EMAIL DECLARE @x XML SELECT @x = '' -- 方法1 SELECT @x.value('data(/People/dongsheng/Info[@Name="Email"])[1]', 'varchar(30)') -- 方法2 SELECT @x.value('(/People/dongsheng/Info[@Name="Email"])[1]', 'varchar(30)') -- 方法3 SELECT C.value('.','varchar(30)') FROM @x.nodes('/People/dongsheng/Info[@Name="Email"]') T(C) -- 方法4 SELECT C.value('(Info[@Name="Email"])[1]','varchar(30)') FROM @x.nodes('/People/dongsheng') T(C) -- 方法5 SELECT C.value('(dongsheng/Info[@Name="Email"])[1]','varchar(30)') FROM @x.nodes('/People') T(C) -- 方法6 SELECT C.value('.','varchar(30)') FROM @x.nodes('/People/dongsheng/Info') T(C) WHERE C.value('(.[@Name="Email"])[1]','varchar(30)') IS NOT NULL -- 方法7 SELECT C.value('.','varchar(30)') FROM @x.nodes('/People/dongsheng/Info') T(C) WHERE C.exist('(.[@Name="Email"])[1]') = 1 --6.Reading values from an XML variable DECLARE @x XML SELECT @x = ' dongsheng@xxyy.com 678945546 36575 ' SELECT v.value('@Name[1]','VARCHAR(20)') AS Name, v.value('@Sex[1]','VARCHAR(20)') AS Sex FROM @x.nodes('/Peoples/People') x(v) --7.多属性过滤 DECLARE @x XML SELECT @x = ' ' --查询dept为IT的人员信息 --方法1 SELECT C.value('@NAME[1]','VARCHAR(10)') AS NAME, C.value('@SEX[1]','VARCHAR(10)') AS SEX, C.value('@QQ[1]','VARCHAR(20)') AS QQ FROM @x.nodes('/Employees/Employee[@dept="IT"]/Info') T(C) /* NAME SEX QQ ---------- ---------- -------------------- dongsheng 男 5454545454 土豆 女 5345454554 */ --方法2 SELECT C.value('@NAME[1]','VARCHAR(10)') AS NAME, C.value('@SEX[1]','VARCHAR(10)') AS SEX, C.value('@QQ[1]','VARCHAR(20)') AS QQ FROM @x.nodes('//Employee[@dept="IT"]/*') T(C) /* NAME SEX QQ ---------- ---------- -------------------- dongsheng 男 5454545454 土豆 女 5345454554 */ --查询出IT部门type为Permanent的员工 SELECT C.value('@NAME[1]','VARCHAR(10)') AS NAME, C.value('@SEX[1]','VARCHAR(10)') AS SEX, C.value('@QQ[1]','VARCHAR(20)') AS QQ FROM @x.nodes('//Employee[@dept="IT"][@type="合同工"]/*') T(C) /* NAME SEX QQ ---------- ---------- -------------------- dongsheng 男 5454545454 */ --12.从XML变量中删除元素 DECLARE @x XML SELECT @x = ' ' SET @x.modify(' delete (/Peoples/People/SEX)[1]' ) SELECT @x /* 土豆 男 5345454554 */ --19.读取指定变量元素的值 DECLARE @x XML SELECT @x = ' 土豆 5345454554 ' DECLARE @ElementName VARCHAR(20) SELECT @ElementName = 'NAME' SELECT c.value('.','VARCHAR(20)') AS NAME FROM @x.nodes('/Peoples/People/*[local-name()=sql:variable("@ElementName")]') T(C) /* NAME -------------------- dongsheng 土豆 choushuigou */ --20使用通配符读取元素值 --读取根元素的值 DECLARE @x1 XML SELECT @x1 = ' dongsheng 男 423545 土豆 男 123133 choushuigou 女 54543545 dongsheng ' SELECT @x1.value('(/*/text())[1]','VARCHAR(20)') AS People --星号*代表一个元素 /* People -------------------- dongsheng */ --读取第二层元素的值 DECLARE @x XML SELECT @x = '' SELECT @x.value('(/*/*/text())[1]','VARCHAR(20)') AS NAME /* NAME -------------------- dongsheng */ --读取第二个子元素的值 DECLARE @x XML SELECT @x = ' dongsheng 男 423545 ' SELECT @x.value('(/*/*/text())[2]','VARCHAR(20)') AS SEX /* SEX -------------------- 男 */ --读取所有第二层子元素值 DECLARE @x XML SELECT @x = ' dongsheng 男 423545 ' SELECT C.value('.','VARCHAR(20)') AS value FROM @x.nodes('/*/*') T(C) /* value -------------------- dongsheng 男 423545 */ --21.使用通配符读取元素名称 DECLARE @x XML SELECT @x = ' dongsheng 男 423545 dongsheng ' SELECT @x.value('local-name(/*[1])','VARCHAR(20)') AS ElementName /* ElementName -------------------- People */ --读取根下第一个元素的名称和值 DECLARE @x XML SELECT @x = '' SELECT @x.value('local-name((/*/*)[1])','VARCHAR(20)') AS ElementName, @x.value('(/*/*/text())[1]','VARCHAR(20)') AS ElementValue /* ElementName ElementValue -------------------- -------------------- NAME dongsheng */ --读取根下第二个元素的名称和值 DECLARE @x XML SELECT @x = ' dongsheng 男 ' SELECT @x.value('local-name((/*/*)[2])','VARCHAR(20)') AS ElementName, @x.value('(/*/*/text())[2]','VARCHAR(20)') AS ElementValue /* ElementName ElementValue -------------------- -------------------- SEX 男 */ --读取根下所有的元素名称和值 DECLARE @x XML SELECT @x = ' dongsheng 男 ' SELECT C.value('local-name(.)','VARCHAR(20)') AS ElementName, C.value('.','VARCHAR(20)') AS ElementValue FROM @x.nodes('/*/*') T(C) /* ElementName ElementValue -------------------- -------------------- NAME dongsheng SEX 男 */ ---22.查询元素数量 --如下Peoples根节点下有个People子节点。 DECLARE @x XML SELECT @x = ' dongsheng 男 ' SELECT @x.value('count(/Peoples/People)','INT') AS Children /* Children ----------- 3 */ --如下Peoples根节点下第一个子节点People下子节点的数量 SELECT @x.value('count(/Peoples/People[1]/*)','INT') AS Children /* Children ----------- 2 */ --某些时候我们可能不知道根节点和子节点的名称,可以用通配符来代替。 SELECT @x.value('count(/*/*)','INT') AS ChildrenOfRoot, @x.value('count(/*/*[1]/*)','INT') AS ChildrenOfFirstChildElement /* ChildrenOfRoot ChildrenOfFirstChildElement -------------- --------------------------- 3 2 */ --23.查询属性的数量 DECLARE @x XML SELECT @x = ' dongsheng 男 土豆 男 choushuigou 女 ' --查询跟节点的属性数量 SELECT @x.value('count(/Employees/@*)','INT') AS AttributeCountOfRoot /* AttributeCountOfRoot -------------------- 1 */ --第一个Employee节点的属性数量 SELECT @x.value('count(/Employees/Employee[1]/@*)','INT') AS AttributeCountOfFirstElement /* AttributeCountOfFirstElement ---------------------------- 3 */ --第二个Employee节点的属性数量 SELECT @x.value('count(/Employees/Employee[2]/@*)','INT') AS AttributeCountOfSeconfElement /* AttributeCountOfSeconfElement ----------------------------- 4 */ --如果不清楚节点名称可以用*通配符代替 SELECT @x.value('count(/*/@*)','INT') AS AttributeCountOfRoot ,@x.value('count(/*/*[1]/@*)','INT') AS AttributeCountOfFirstElement ,@x.value('count(/*/*[2]/@*)','INT') AS AttributeCountOfSeconfElement /* AttributeCountOfRoot AttributeCountOfFirstElement AttributeCountOfSeconfElement -------------------- ---------------------------- ----------------------------- 1 3 4 */ --返回没个节点的属性值 SELECT C.value('count(./@*)','INT') AS AttributeCount FROM @x.nodes('/*/*') T(C) /* AttributeCount -------------- 3 4 */ --24.返回给定位置的属性值或者名称 DECLARE @x XML SELECT @x = ' ' --返回第一个Employee节点的第一个位置的属性值 SELECT @x.value('(/Employees/Employee[1]/@*[position()=1])[1]','VARCHAR(20)') AS AttValue /* AttValue -------------------- dongsheng */ --返回第二个Employee节点的第四个位置的属性值 SELECT @x.value('(/Employees/Employee[2]/@*[position()=4])[1]','VARCHAR(20)') AS AttValue /* AttValue -------------------- 13954697895 */ --返回第一个元素的第三个属性值 SELECT @x.value('local-name((/Employees/Employee[1]/@*[position()=3])[1])','VARCHAR(20)') AS AttName /* AttName -------------------- QQ */ --返回第二个元素的第四个属性值 SELECT @x.value('local-name((/Employees/Employee[2]/@*[position()=4])[1])','VARCHAR(20)') AS AttName /* AttName -------------------- TEL */ --通过变量传递位置返回属性值 DECLARE @Elepos INT,@Attpos INT SELECT @Elepos=2,@Attpos = 3 SELECT @x.value('local-name((/Employees/Employee[sql:variable("@Elepos")]/@*[position()=sql:variable("@Attpos")])[1])','VARCHAR(20)') AS AttName /* AttName -------------------- QQ */ --25.判断是XML中否存在相应的属性 DECLARE @x XML SELECT @x = ' ' IF @x.exist('/Employee/@NAME') = 1 SELECT 'Exists' AS Result ELSE SELECT 'Does not exist' AS Result /* Result ------ Exists */ --传递变量判断是否存在 DECLARE @x XML SELECT @x = ' ' DECLARE @att VARCHAR(20) SELECT @att = 'QQ' IF @x.exist('/Employee/@*[local-name()=sql:variable("@att")]') = 1 SELECT 'Exists' AS Result ELSE SELECT 'Does not exist' AS Result /* Result ------ Exists */ --26.循环遍历元素的所有属性 DECLARE @x XML SELECT @x = ' ' DECLARE @cnt INT, @totCnt INT, @attName VARCHAR(30), @attValue VARCHAR(30) SELECT @cnt = 1, @totCnt = @x.value('count(/Employee/@*)','INT')--获得属性总数量 -- loop WHILE @cnt <= @totCnt BEGIN SELECT @attName = @x.value( 'local-name((/Employee/@*[position()=sql:variable("@cnt")])[1])', 'VARCHAR(30)'), @attValue = @x.value( '(/Employee/@*[position()=sql:variable("@cnt")])[1]', 'VARCHAR(30)') PRINT 'Attribute Position: ' + CAST(@cnt AS VARCHAR) PRINT 'Attribute Name: ' + @attName PRINT 'Attribute Value: ' + @attValue PRINT '' -- increment the counter variable SELECT @cnt = @cnt + 1 END /* Attribute Position: 1 Attribute Name: NAME Attribute Value: 土豆 Attribute Position: 2 Attribute Name: SEX Attribute Value: 女 Attribute Position: 3 Attribute Name: QQ Attribute Value: 5345454554 Attribute Position: 4 Attribute Name: TEL Attribute Value: 13954697895 */ --27.返回指定位置的子元素 DECLARE @x XML SELECT @x = ' ' SELECT @x.query('(/Employees/Employee)[1]') /* */ SELECT @x.query('(/Employees/Employee)[position()=2]') /* */ --通过变量获取指定位置的子元素 DECLARE @i INT SELECT @i = 2 SELECT @x.query('(/Employees/Employee)[sql:variable("@i")]') --or SELECT @x.query('(/Employees/Employee)[position()=sql:variable("@i")]') /* */ --28.循环遍历获得所有子元素 DECLARE @x XML SELECT @x = ' ' DECLARE @cnt INT, @totCnt INT, @child XML -- counter variables SELECT @cnt = 1, @totCnt = @x.value('count(/Employees/Employee)','INT') -- loop WHILE @cnt <= @totCnt BEGIN SELECT @child = @x.query('/Employees/Employee[position()=sql:variable("@cnt")]') PRINT 'Processing Child Element: ' + CAST(@cnt AS VARCHAR) PRINT 'Child element: ' + CAST(@child AS VARCHAR(100)) PRINT '' -- incremet the counter variable SELECT @cnt = @cnt + 1 END /* Processing Child Element: 1 Child element: Processing Child Element: 2 Child element:
SQL Server 中对XML数据的五种基本操作
1.xml.exist
输入为XQuery表达式,返回0,1或是Null。0表示不存在,1表示存在,Null表示输入为空
2.xml.value
输入为XQuery表达式,返回一个SQL Server标量值
3.xml.query
输入为XQuery表达式,返回一个SQL Server XML类型流
4.xml.nodes
输入为XQuery表达式,返回一个XML格式文档的一列行集
5.xml.modify
使用XQuery表达式对XML的节点进行insert , update 和 delete 操作。
下面通过例子对上面的五种操作进行说明:
declare @XMLVar xml = '' Windows Step By Step Bill Zack 49.99 Developing ADO .NET Andrew Brust 39.93 Windows Cluster Server Stephen Forte 59.99
1. xml.exist
select @XMLVar.exist('/catalog/book')-----返回1 select @XMLVar.exist('/catalog/book/@category')-----返回1 select @XMLVar.exist('/catalog/book1')-----返回0 set @XMLVar = null select @XMLVar.exist('/catalog/book')-----返回null
2.xml.value
select @XMLVar.value('/catalog[1]/book[1]','varchar(MAX)') select @XMLVar.value('/catalog[1]/book[2]/@category','varchar(MAX)') select @XMLVar.value('/catalog[2]/book[1]','varchar(MAX)')
结果集为:
Windows Step By StepBill Zack49.99 Developer NULL
3.xml.query
select @XMLVar.query('/catalog[1]/book') select @XMLVar.query('/catalog[1]/book[1]') select @XMLVar.query('/catalog[1]/book[2]/author')
结果集分别为:
Windows Step By Step Bill Zack 49.99 Developing ADO .NET Andrew Brust 39.93 Windows Cluster Server Stephen Forte 59.99 Windows Step By Step Bill Zack 49.99 Andrew Brust
4.xml.nodes
select T.c.query('.') as result from @XMLVar.nodes('/catalog/book') as T(c) select T.c.query('title') as result from @XMLVar.nodes('/catalog/book') as T(c)
结果集分别为:
Windows Step By Step Bill ………… Developing ADO .NET Andrew ………… Windows Cluster Server Stephen ………… Windows Step By Step Developing ADO .NET Windows Cluster Server
set ARITHABORT on DECLARE @x XML SELECT @x = '' -- 方法1 select 1001 as peopleId, p.* FROM( SELECT C.value('local-name(.)','VARCHAR(20)') AS attrName, C.value('.','VARCHAR(20)') AS attrValue FROM @x.nodes('/*/*/*') T(C) --第三层 ) as p /* 1001 Email 1dongsheng@xxyy.com 1001 Phone 678945546 1001 QQ 36575 1001 Addr 36575 */ 1dongsheng@xxyy.com 678945546 36575 36575
/* 解析XML存储过程 */ ALTER PROCEDURE [dbo].[sp_ExportXml] @x xml , @layerstr nvarchar(max) AS DECLARE @sql nvarchar(max) BEGIN set arithabort on set @sql='select p.* FROM( SELECT C.value(''local-name(.)'',''VARCHAR(20)'') AS attrName, C.value(''.'',''VARCHAR(20)'') AS attrValue FROM @xmlParas.nodes('''+@layerstr+''') T(C) ) as p' --print @sql EXECUTE sp_executesql @sql, N'@xmlParas as xml',@xmlParas=@x END
DECLARE @x XML SELECT @x = '' EXECUTE sp_ExportXml @x,'/*/*/*' 1dongsheng@xxyy.com 678945546 36575 36575
希望本文所述对大家SQL Server数据库程序设计有所帮助。